BALLAST AND BILGE PUMPING AND DRAINAGE
ARRANGEMENTS
Requirements for all Ships
1.1 Every ship shall be provided with
efficient bilge pumping plant and means for drainage so arranged that water
entering any part of the hull, up to the bulkhead deck, other than a space
permanently appropriated for the carriage of fresh water, water ballast, oil
fuel or liquid cargo and for which other efficient means of pumping or drainage
are provided, can be pumped out through at least one suction pipe when the ship
is on an even keel or is listed not more than 5 degrees either way.
1.2 Wing suctions shall be provided where
necessary for this purpose.
1.3 Efficient means shall be provided whereby
water may easily flow to the suction pipes; the Administration may allow the
means of pumping or drainage to be dispensed with in particular compartments of
any ship, if it is satisfied that the safety of the ship is not thereby
impaired.
Additional
requirements for ships constructed on or after 25 May 1980
2.1 Provision shall be made for the drainage
of enclosed cargo spaces situated on the freeboard deck of any ship; the Administration
may permit the means of drainage to be dispensed with in any particular
compartments of any ship if by reasons of the size or internal subdivision of
those spaces, the safety of the ship is not thereby impaired.
2.2 Where the freeboard is such that the deck
edge is not immersed when the ship heels 5 degrees either way, the required
drainage shall be by means of a suitable number and size of deck scuppers
discharging directly overboard fitted in accordance with paragraph 12 of
Schedule 3 of the Merchant Shipping (Load Line) Rules 2001. In all other cases,
internal drainage shall be led to a suitable space or spaces of adequate
capacity, having a high water-level alarm and provided with suitable
arrangements for discharge overboard.
Additional
requirements for ships constructed on or after 1September 1984
3. At least two power pumps connected to the main bilge system
shall be provided, one of which may be driven by the propulsion machinery.
Sanitary, ballast and general service pumps may be accepted as power bilge
pumps if provided with the necessary connections to the bilge pumping system.
4. All bilge pipes used in or under coal bunkers or fuel
storage tanks or in machinery spaces shall be of steel or other suitable
material.
5. The bilge and ballast pumping systems shall be so arranged
as to prevent water passing from the sea or from water ballast spaces into the
cargo spaces or into the machinery spaces or from one watertight compartment to
another. Provision shall be made to prevent any deep tank having bilge and
ballast connections being inadvertently flooded from the sea when it contains
cargo or being discharged through a bilge pipe when it contains water ballast.
6. The distribution boxes and manually operated valves provided
in connection with the bilge pumping arrangements shall be in positions which
are accessible under ordinary circumstances. The valves shall be clearly marked
for identification.
7. The scuppers of cargo spaces intended for the carriage of
motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks for their own propulsion shall not be
led to machinery or other spaces where sources of ignition may be present.
8. The bilge pumping arrangements for cargo spaces intended to
contain flammable or toxic liquids shall be designed so that inadvertent
pumping of such liquids through the main bilge system or any other system
connected to a pump located in a machinery space can be prevented. Additional
means of draining such spaces shall be provided if the Administration considers
their provision necessary taking into consideration the quantity and
characteristics of the liquids and their location.
Additional
requirements for ships constructed on or after 1 February 1992
9. Where the freeboard is such that the edge of the freeboard
deck is immersed when the ship heels 5 degrees or less, the drainage of the
enclosed cargo spaces on the freeboard deck required by paragraph 2 shall be
led to a suitable space, or spaces, of adequate capacity, having a high water
level alarm and provided with suitable arrangements for discharge overboard. In
addition it shall be ensured that -
(a) the number, size and disposition of the
scuppers are such as to prevent unreasonable accumulation of free water;
(b) the pumping arrangements take account of the
requirements for any fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing system;
(c) water contaminated with petrol or other
dangerous substances is not drained to machinery spaces or other spaces where
sources of ignition may be present or where it could pose a health and safety
hazard to persons; and
(d) where the enclosed cargo space is protected
by a carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing system the deck scuppers are fitted with
means to prevent the escape of the smothering gas.
Additional
requirements for ships constructed on or after 1 July 2002
10. In addition to complying with the
requirements of paragraph 8 of this schedule, ships carrying dangerous goods
must meet the following requirements-
10.1 Where large quantities of flammable or toxic
liquids are carried, consideration must be given to the provision of additional
means of draining those cargo spaces.
10.2 Where the bilge
drainage system is additional to the system served by pumps in the machinery
space, the capacity of the system shall be not less than 10 metres³/hour per
cargo space served. Where the additional system is common, the capacity need
not exceed 25 metres³/hour. The additional bilge system need not be arranged
with redundancy.
10.3 Whenever flammable or toxic liquids are
carried, the bilge line into the machinery space shall be isolated either by
fitting a blank flange or by a closed lockable valve.
10.4 Enclosed spaces outside machinery spaces
containing bilge pumps serving cargo spaces intended for carriage of flammable
or toxic liquids shall be fitted with separate mechanical ventilation giving at
least six air changes per hour. Where the space has access from another
enclosed space, the door shall be self-closing.
10.5 Where bilge drainage of cargo spaces is
arranged by gravity drainage, the drainage shall be either led directly
overboard or to a closed drain tank located outside the machinery spaces. The
tank shall be provided with a vent pipe to a safe location on the open deck.
Drainage from a cargo space into bilge wells in a lower space is only permitted
where that space satisfies the same requirements as the cargo space above.
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